Geography :
Romania is in Southern Europe and is slightly smaller than Oregon. The Carpathian Mountains divide the upper half of Romania, from north to south and connect near the center of the country with the Transylvanian Alps, running east and west. North and west of these ranges lies the Transylvanian plateau, and to the south and east are the plains of Moldavia and Wallachia. In the last 190 miles (306 km), the Danube through Romania only. It enters the Black Sea in northern Dobruja, just south of the border with Ukraine.
History :
Most of Romania was the Roman province of Dacia around AD 100-271 . From the 3rd to the 12th century , wave after wave of barbarian conquerors invaded the Daco-Roman native population. Liability for First Bulgarian Empire ( from 8 to 10 century) Eastern Orthodox Romanians . In the 11th century , Transylvania was absorbed by the Hungarian empire. By the 16th century , the main Romanian principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia had become satellites within the Ottoman Empire , but retained much of its independence. After the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 , they became Russian protectorates . The nation became a kingdom in 1881, after the Congress of Berlin.
At the beginning of the First World War , Romania proclaimed its neutrality, but then joined the Allies , and in 1916 , declared war on the Central Powers. The armistice of 11 November 1918 , gave Romania vast territories of Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire , doubling its size. Acquired areas included Bessarabia, Bukovina and Transylvania . Banat , a Hungarian region was divided with Yugoslavia. King Carol II was crowned in 1930 and transformed the throne in a royal dictatorship. In 1938, he abolished the democratic Constitution of 1923. In 1940 , the country was reorganized along Fascist lines and the fascist Iron Guard became the nucleus of the new totalitarian party . On June 27 , the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina . King Carol II dissolved parliament , gave the new prime minister Ion Antonescu , full power, abdicated his throne and went into exile.
Romania then signed the Axis Pact November 23, 1940 , and joined in June following the German attack against the Soviet Union reoccupied Bessarabia . About 270,000 Jews were massacred in fascist Romania. After the invasion of Romania by the Red Army in August 1944, King Michael led a coup that overthrew Antonescu government. An armistice with the Soviet Union was signed in Moscow on 12 September 1944. Block government dominated by the Communists won the elections in 1946 , Michael abdicated December 30, 1947 , and 1955 , Romania joined the Warsaw Treaty Organization and the United Nations.
Running a neo- Stalinist police state from 1967-1989 , Nicolae Ceausescu wound curtain tightly around Romania iron , transforming a relatively prosperous country in the brink of starvation. To repay its foreign debt of 10 billion dollars in 1982, he ransacked the Romanian economy of everything that could be exported , leaving the country with desperate shortages of food, fuel and other essential commodities. Assisted armed rebellion in December 1989 led to the overthrow , trial and execution of Ceausescu.
Romania is in Southern Europe and is slightly smaller than Oregon. The Carpathian Mountains divide the upper half of Romania, from north to south and connect near the center of the country with the Transylvanian Alps, running east and west. North and west of these ranges lies the Transylvanian plateau, and to the south and east are the plains of Moldavia and Wallachia. In the last 190 miles (306 km), the Danube through Romania only. It enters the Black Sea in northern Dobruja, just south of the border with Ukraine.
History :
Most of Romania was the Roman province of Dacia around AD 100-271 . From the 3rd to the 12th century , wave after wave of barbarian conquerors invaded the Daco-Roman native population. Liability for First Bulgarian Empire ( from 8 to 10 century) Eastern Orthodox Romanians . In the 11th century , Transylvania was absorbed by the Hungarian empire. By the 16th century , the main Romanian principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia had become satellites within the Ottoman Empire , but retained much of its independence. After the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 , they became Russian protectorates . The nation became a kingdom in 1881, after the Congress of Berlin.
At the beginning of the First World War , Romania proclaimed its neutrality, but then joined the Allies , and in 1916 , declared war on the Central Powers. The armistice of 11 November 1918 , gave Romania vast territories of Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire , doubling its size. Acquired areas included Bessarabia, Bukovina and Transylvania . Banat , a Hungarian region was divided with Yugoslavia. King Carol II was crowned in 1930 and transformed the throne in a royal dictatorship. In 1938, he abolished the democratic Constitution of 1923. In 1940 , the country was reorganized along Fascist lines and the fascist Iron Guard became the nucleus of the new totalitarian party . On June 27 , the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina . King Carol II dissolved parliament , gave the new prime minister Ion Antonescu , full power, abdicated his throne and went into exile.
Romania then signed the Axis Pact November 23, 1940 , and joined in June following the German attack against the Soviet Union reoccupied Bessarabia . About 270,000 Jews were massacred in fascist Romania. After the invasion of Romania by the Red Army in August 1944, King Michael led a coup that overthrew Antonescu government. An armistice with the Soviet Union was signed in Moscow on 12 September 1944. Block government dominated by the Communists won the elections in 1946 , Michael abdicated December 30, 1947 , and 1955 , Romania joined the Warsaw Treaty Organization and the United Nations.
Running a neo- Stalinist police state from 1967-1989 , Nicolae Ceausescu wound curtain tightly around Romania iron , transforming a relatively prosperous country in the brink of starvation. To repay its foreign debt of 10 billion dollars in 1982, he ransacked the Romanian economy of everything that could be exported , leaving the country with desperate shortages of food, fuel and other essential commodities. Assisted armed rebellion in December 1989 led to the overthrow , trial and execution of Ceausescu.
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